Tag: Crashes

  • What can Forrest Gump teach us about tail risk hedging?

    What can Forrest Gump teach us about tail risk hedging?

    Forrest gump baot

    How did Forrest Gump get Rich?

       A couple of months back I was searching for movies on my Roku and the amazing Netflix algorithm suggested Forrest Gump. Did it know my age? Maybe the “man in his early 40s searching for high school nostalgia” algorithm was running in the background? I would love to know!  I saw the film for the first time when it was released in 1994. I was just 14 years old.

       I had almost completely forgotten about the film.  Other than watching a few scenes while channel surfing, I had not sat down and watched the entire movie in twenty years. 

       Obviously, a lot has changed in twenty years. I won’t elaborate on the obvious other than to say that I have some gray hair now.  What wasn’t obvious to me at age 30, and this I suspect is true for all but a very small amount of young people, is that later in life you have a lot more knowledge and wisdom.  Getting a little older indeed does have a few benefits.

       So when I sat down to watch Forrest Gump again after all these years, I had over fifteen years of trading experience with options and futures, seen several major and minor crashes, and was much more knowledgeable about market history.  I knew the economic and political fallout from the Great Depression, the great inflation of the 1970s, and the crash of 1987.

       Something began to click when I was watching Forrest and Lieutenant Dan survive the storm of the century on the SS Jenny. The Bubba Gump Shrimp company had just suddenly become fantastically rich because they survived the storm and their competitors were wiped out.  If you are the only one left standing after the storm, the profits and riches are easy. The hard part is to survive the storm.

    The storm was enough to give Lieutenant Dan a reason to be happy he’s alive and he thanked Gump for saving him. All his new riches were because of Forrest Gump introducing him into this business.

    I wish I knew who wrote the scene storm scene.  I bet it was someone older who remembered that some of the great fortunes were made during the Great Depression because those who had cash could buy from their bankrupt competitors.  This was how Joe Kennedy became rich. 

    Forrest didn’t have a plan to survive the storm.  I think we can say that he was not a true tail risk hedger!  And the storm scene is almost an anachronism because today very few are interested in insuring against remote or tail risks. But an ounce of prevention can go a long way to preserving and even growing your wealth. The Bubba Gump Shrimp Company becomes a massive business with narrow chances of becoming what it had now become. 

    Being able to buy stocks, bonds, or real estate when they are cheap is a tremendous advantage. An advantage not everyone is able to get their hands on.  That is what we are trying to accomplish with tail risk protection. Protection against loss-making events and maintaining participation in those which are profit-making is the key. Profits from rare episodes like the global financial crisis can go a long way just as surviving the storm did for Forrest Gump and Lieutenant Dan.

     Bubba Gump Shrimp Company had a low probability of being successful as in Forrest Gump’s initial startup in the shrimping business wasn’t as prolific but just because he survived the storm his business grew beyond expectations. As commonly said, “Storms don’t last forever, the sun always shines again but brighter.”

    Best,

    James.

    PS–  “In order succeed you must first survive” – Warren Buffet

  • The Flash Crash

    The Flash Crash

    Two and a half weeks before the infamous flash crash of May 10, 2010, I opened my first options trading account with Think or Swim.  My knowledge of options was limited, but I had years of experience trading futures as a member of the Chicago Board of Trade, now known as the CME group.

    Flash crash 2

    I only put a small amount of money in the new options account.  I was a beginner, and I knew I needed to go slow.  It turned out that I probably should have gone even slower because I ended up purchasing options that had a very low likelihood of paying off.  The options were inexpensive, far out of the money put options. They are designed to pay off if the market goes down by a large amount. 

    Unfortunately, markets rarely have large declines and that is why the far out of the money options cost very small amounts. 

    The day before the Flash Crash, I purchased 1200 puts for .02 cents.  I had no idea what I was doing. I only had a vague understanding that if the market went down, it would produce profits from the puts.

    The next day, around 2pm Chicago time, the US stock market began to drift steadily low. But this was far from unusual until all of a sudden, the market broke down completely. 

    I was sitting in a small office in the building that used to house the Chicago Board of Trade. I watched the market drift lower until suddenly all of the bids and offers on the screen disappeared.  There was no market!  Prices were plummeting so quickly that no one would post a bid. 

    I looked at my new Think or Swim account.  The profit and loss (PNL) was showing my gain for the day at $3,400,000.00!  The tiny .02 puts had gone up several thousand times their original value. 

    The market was near to closing and I was convinced it would close on the lows.  Turns out, this was the most expensive mistake of my entire career.  Suddenly, the market found buyers and staged a furious comeback.  It was down over 10% at the peak. 

    I watched most of the 3,400,000 million disappear, but I did sell for close to $50,000. 

    It was a painful lesson, and it is hard to avoid the “if I had only” trap when I think about that day.  However, I did learn a powerful lesson. Options can deliver rare, but fantastic gains.  Mathematically, this is called convexity.  Out of the money options have extreme convexity.  

    Thanks for taking the time to read my story.

    James Marsh